{"id":3710,"date":"2016-06-18T15:56:52","date_gmt":"2016-06-18T12:56:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.construieste.info\/?p=3710"},"modified":"2018-04-08T08:21:55","modified_gmt":"2018-04-08T05:21:55","slug":"care-este-durata-viata-unei-cladiri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.construieste.info\/?p=3710","title":{"rendered":"Care este durata de viata a unei cl\u0103diri?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Multi se intreaba care este durata de viata, proiectata sau nu, a unei cladiri.<\/h2>\n<p>R\u0103spunsul nu este greu de g\u0103sit si ar trebui sa fie specificat in proiectul acesteia. \u00a0Da, chiar asa! Conform Eurocod-ului SR EN 1990-2004, Bazele proiect\u0103rii, durata de viata pentru o cl\u0103dire obi\u0219nuit\u0103, cele din clasa de importanta III si unele din II, \u00a0este de 50 de ani. Conform aceluia\u0219i Eurocod, anexa na\u021bional\u0103, durata de viata este intre 50 si 100 de ani \u0219i se stabile\u0219te la proiectare.<\/p>\n<p>Conform\u00a0catalogului cu clasificarea mijloacelor fixe si duratele de functionare a acestora, <a href=\"http:\/\/profitshare.ro\/l\/3050829\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cladirile de locuit <\/a>se amortizeaza intre 40 si 60 de ani. Pentru alte cladiri industriale, durata este mai mica.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce inseamna asta?<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3711\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3711\" style=\"width: 776px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.construieste.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/durata-de-viata.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3711 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.construieste.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/durata-de-viata.png?resize=776%2C376\" alt=\"durata de viata\" width=\"776\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.construieste.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/durata-de-viata.png?w=776 776w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.construieste.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/durata-de-viata.png?resize=300%2C145 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.construieste.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/durata-de-viata.png?resize=768%2C372 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 776px) 100vw, 776px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3711\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Durata de viata proiectata, tabel din Eurocod!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Pai \u00eenseamn\u0103 ca \u00een mod normal, dac\u0103 vrei o cl\u0103dire care sa reziste 100 de ani o tratezi ca atare atunci c\u00e2nd o construie\u0219ti, adic\u0103 o faci sa tina\u00a0100 de ani!. La fel \u0219i la o cl\u0103dire veche, dac\u0103 vrei sa te tina 100 de ani, trebuie sa o \u00eengrije\u0219ti \u0219i sa o repari sau chiar sa o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219ti constant!<\/p>\n<p><strong> De ce este necesara stabilirea duratei de viata? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pentru ni\u0219te\u00a0fenomene aparent banale:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>oboseala<\/li>\n<li>coroziunea<\/li>\n<li>oxidarea<\/li>\n<li>carbonatarea<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Deci teoria cu, a rezistat la 3 cutremure, e contrazisa de teoria oboselii. Cum bine spunea profesorul Gabor, \u00een inginerie te inspiri din viata! Si \u00een medicina exista conceptul de oboseala, oboseala e una dintre cauzele care duc la deces! Oxidarea parca si ea e o problema generala, se trateaz\u0103 cu antioxidan\u021bi, sunt destul de multi!<\/p>\n<h2>Ce vi se pare vou\u0103 ca lipse\u0219te \u00een Romania, \u00een acest moment?<\/h2>\n<p>Lipsesc cl\u0103diri vechi \u00eentre\u021binute, reparate si consolidate. Dar ce nu lipse\u0219te? Nu lipsesc<a href=\"http:\/\/profitshare.ro\/l\/3050831\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> basmele<\/a>!<\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt basmele:<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; a \u021binut la 3 cutremure deci e foarte buna!<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; pe vremuri se construia mai bine!<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; nimic nu se mai face ca pe vremuri!<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; e veche \u0219i e \u00een centru, nu e pe lista prim\u0103riei, deci nu are risc seismic!<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; e f\u0103cut\u0103 dup\u0103 cutremur, e fabuloasa, trebuie sa coste mai mult dec\u00e2t una noua, c\u0103ci se \u0219tie, nu se mai fac lucruri ca pe vremuri!<\/p>\n<p>si lista poate continua!<\/p>\n<h2>Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 asta pentru cl\u0103dirile construite dup\u0103 cutremur?<\/h2>\n<p>Parca erau f\u0103cute pentru 100 de ani? Pai unde scrie pentru c\u00e2\u021bi ani au fost f\u0103cute? Dac\u0103 nu scrie \u00een proiect atunci n-ai de unde sa \u0219tii! Nici m\u0103car proiecte nu au, c\u0103ci s-au pierdut!<\/p>\n<p>Rezista betonul 100 de ani? Rezista \u00een anumite condi\u021bii, dar\u00a0nu prea sunt studii clare pentru asta, betonul a fost inventat acum 120-130 de ani! Ridica\u021bi ochii pe strada \u0219i observa\u021bi betonul expus de la cl\u0103dirile din jur! Sunt convins ca o sa g\u0103si\u021bi numeroase exemple! Si nu, dac\u0103 ai pus polistiren peste, in loc sa repari, nu aju\u021bi betonul!<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<em>Today many owners require service lives of 80, 100 or even 200 years for important concrete structures. Most present design codes do not give quantified guidance for designing for such long service lives. Usually a service life of 50 years is only implicitly assumed. Opportunity to improve this was offered by developments in performance based service life modelling in the 1990s. This led to installing an industry-wide committee in the Netherlands in 2003, whose task it was to develop a performance and probability based guideline for designing durable civil engineering structures with service lives up to 200 year.<\/em>&#8221; &#8211; de aici\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/heronjournal.nl\/57-3\/1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/heronjournal.nl\/57-3\/1.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Deci despre ce vorbim aici? De Olandezi care habar nu au cum sa faca betonul sa reziste 80 &#8211; 100 de ani,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.construieste.info\/?p=3507\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> ei care locuiesc la 4m sub nivelul marii<\/a>, \u0219i fac studii pe tema asta, \u0219i noi ne ag\u0103\u021bam de ni\u0219te betoane f\u0103cute \u00een 1920 si de faptul ca o anumita cl\u0103dire a rezistat la 3 cutremure, asadar nu e \u00een clasa de risc seismic care trebuie?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Si mai putem citi ceva interesant:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;With respect to deterioration, concrete structures have some important characteristic properties, which differ fundamentally from structures made from other structural materials. These properties are the following (fib 1999): <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u2022 The quality and the performance of concrete adopted at the design and contracting stages are assumed values. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u2022 The true quality and performance characteristics of structural concrete are created through the actual execution process during construction on site. Hence, this very short period of time (hours and days) constitutes the most important phase during which the true initial qualities are established. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u2022 If durability performance turns out to be sub-standard, this is most often not apparent nor detectable until some time has passed due to the nature of the deterioration of concrete structures. The time passed before premature deterioration becomes apparent may often be longer than the contracted liability period, but very much shorter than the service life expected by the owner. <strong>To manage these special properties of concrete structures a durability based design concept, a conscious execution, and a planned inspection and maintenance is needed&#8221; <\/strong><\/em>de aici\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/materials.dk\/links\/D5x14%20Service%20Life%20Design.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/materials.dk\/links\/D5x14%20Service%20Life%20Design.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Deci sa re\u021binem: un design bazat pe durabilitate (nu exista \u00een codurile rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti asta in 1930, 1970, 1980, 1990 sau 2016) o execu\u021bie con\u0219tiincioasa (sa radem!) si inspec\u021bii si \u00eentre\u021bineri planificate (poate la Cernavoda, nu \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi)!<\/p>\n<p>Eu as reflecta profund la cele de mai sus c\u00e2nd mi-as alege o locuin\u021b\u0103 veche!<\/p>\n<h2>Sunt toate blocurile vechi asa de proaste? Au expirat sau nu?<\/h2>\n<p>Daca nu faci teste am\u0103nun\u021bite nu ai cum sa \u0219tii \u00een ce stadiu este o anumite cl\u0103dire, mai ales dac\u0103 a fost expusa la intemperii.<\/p>\n<h2>Deci nu mai cump\u0103ram cl\u0103diri vechi?<\/h2>\n<p>Ba da, cump\u0103ra\u021bi, dar nu le cump\u0103ra\u021bi ca sa le l\u0103sa\u021bi mo\u0219tenire copiilor. Dac\u0103 vrei mo\u0219teniri \u0219i investi\u021bii,\u00a0trebuie sa cheltuiesti\u00a0bani cu\u00a0ele, constant, ave\u021bi grija de ele \u0219i o sa mai reziste\u00a0o perioada! Cat? Habar n-am, dac\u0103 nici olandezii nu \u0219tiu, cum am putea noi sa \u0219tim! \u0218tim doar ca dac\u0103 sunt l\u0103sate \u00een paragin\u0103,\u00a0vor muri \u00eencet \u0219i sigur!<\/p>\n<h2>Material de studiu:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-is-the-life-expectancy-of-concrete<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/www.concrete.org\/tools\/frequentlyaskedquestions.aspx?faqid=648<\/li>\n<li>http:\/\/materials.dk\/links\/D5x14%20Service%20Life%20Design.pdf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Multi se intreaba care este durata de viata, proiectata sau nu, a unei cladiri. R\u0103spunsul nu este greu de g\u0103sit si ar trebui sa fie specificat in proiectul acesteia. \u00a0Da, chiar asa! Conform Eurocod-ului SR EN 1990-2004, Bazele proiect\u0103rii, durata de viata pentru o cl\u0103dire obi\u0219nuit\u0103, cele din clasa de importanta III si unele din [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3ybaN-XQ","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":22699,"url":"http:\/\/www.construieste.info\/?p=22699","url_meta":{"origin":3710,"position":0},"title":"Efectul de Domino al normativelor P118 \u0219i SR EN 1992-1-1:2024: Cum siguran\u021ba la foc impune structuri mai grele, mai scumpe dar mai sigure!","date":"November 29, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"ANALIZ\u0102 TEHNIC\u0102: De ce placa de 13 cm a devenit istorie. 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